Quantum dots are the primary component of a new class of materials with various uses, such as solar cells, medical devices, and displays. Samsung Electronics debuted the first cadmium-free quantum dot technology in the world in 2015 with its SUHD TVs. In 2017, they launched QLED TVs, furthering their innovation in the field of quantum dots. Samsung Newsroom examines how quantum dots are advancing Samsung screens while looking back over the last ten years.
Quantum dots: A fresh wave of screen-related advancements
Quantum dots are tens of thousands of times smaller than a human hair and are incredibly sensitive semiconductor particles. The physical properties that enable quantum dots to offer the best level of color accuracy and brightness among currently available materials have truly revolutionized display technology.
What distinguishes Samsung QD TVs: content, film quality, and cadmium-free technique.
The TV industry is still doing research and development to commercialize quantum dots, since this material continues to introduce fundamental advances in display technology. That is why several quantum dot televisions have lately been released, providing customers with a diverse range of options.
The main differences between quantum dot TVs are the way the technology is applied and the overall quality of the screen. To achieve an optimal viewing experience, aspects such as the number of quantum dots, the quality of the quantum dot film, and the novel use of cadmium-free materials must be considered.
The broad color range that quantum dots provide in displays is true to the colors that the human eye perceives, and they allow for pixel-level light modulation for more realistic blacks. For a more pleasant viewing experience, quantum dots reduce exposure to blue light and provide uniform colors and brightness from all viewing angles by emitting light in all directions.
How many quantum dots are there?
The true quality of a quantum dot TV depends on how many quantum dots it has. QLED displays are renowned for their vivid, rich image quality and color reproduction, which are only possible with higher concentrations of quantum dots in the QD layer.
A film of quantum dots
In comparison to LCD panels, quantum dot screens are more efficient and have a simpler design. Because the blue backlight and the QD layer themselves increase brightness and provide a more vibrant display, Samsung QLED displays do not require a phosphor layer.
Quantum dot OLED (QD-OLED) is a further advancement in picture quality, consisting of a quantum dot film, a self-emitting light source, and a thin film transistor (TFT) layer [1]. To get better image quality and longer screen life in both situations, a high-quality film with enough quantum dots is necessary.
Free from cadmium
In the early phases of quantum dot TV research, cadmium was thought to be the most effective material for producing quantum dots and a critical component in realizing the technology’s fundamental features, such as color reproduction and contrast ratio.
However, cadmium’s toxicity and environmental effect have posed significant challenges to the commercialization of quantum dot technology. Cadmium is authorized in consumer electronics, but it is subject to severe restrictions under EU law [1], making it impossible to use broadly despite the fact that it is the best material for the application of quantum dot technology.
Samsung was one of the first to see the promise of quantum dot technology, and for the past 10 years, it has led the worldwide display industry in innovation owing to consistent research and investment.
Samsung started working on quantum dot technology in 2001, when there was little study being done on materials free of cadmium. Uniform nano-sized particles were necessary to provide brilliant colors, but mass manufacturing was difficult because of a lack of research and technology.
Samsung managed to develop a cadmium-free nanocrystalline material in 2014 in spite of these challenges. With more than 150 registered patents, the firm has amassed a lot of knowledge since then, and it is continuously striving to advance this technology. As previously said, it made another breakthrough in 2015 by launching the first SUHD TVs in the world that used quantum dot technology devoid of cadmium.
And he went further than that. Samsung raised the bar for high-end TVs in 2017 by launching its first QLED range, further advancing this technology. Samsung achieved 100% color gamut for the first time and met the DCI-P3 color standard set by the Digital Cinema Initiative by utilizing metal quantum dot technology, resulting in an unbeatable color display. To maintain constant image quality, it is vital to note that inorganic quantum dot technology has been used to safeguard the displays from burn-in.
After successfully creating a red light-emitting element for displays in 2019, the business raised the brightness efficiency of QLED devices with self-emitting blue light, which is thought to be the most difficult of the three fundamental QLED colors, to 20.2%, establishing a new benchmark for the industry.
“Discovering the blue material for self-emissive QLED technology and achieving industry-leading performance at the device level are significant achievements of this research,” said Dr. Eunjoo Chang (Dr. Eunjoo Chang) of the Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology. “Samsung’s iconic quantum dot technology has once again overcome technical hurdles.”
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